Salamanders (Order Caudata) are a diverse group of amphibians.  They can be found in both aquatic and terrestrial habitats, though water is essential for survival. Most salamanders are nocturnal and can be found under rocks and fallen trees.  North Carolina has an amazing abundance of salamanders because of its diverse geography from mountains to coastal swamps.  Some species are indigenous to only North Carolina and thus need to be conserved.  One such family of salamanders is the Plethodontidae family. This family constitutes more than 90% of salamanders and the southeast U.S. has more plethodontids than anywhere else in the world!

Giant Salamanders (Family Cryptobranchidae)

Eastern Hellbender Cryptobranchus alleganiensis)

Giant Salamanders (Family Proteidae)

Mudpuppy (Necturus maculosus)
Neuse River Waterdog (Necturus lewisi)
Dwarf Waterdog (Necturus punctatus)

Giant Salamanders (Family Amphiumidae)

Two-Toed Amphiuma (Amphiuma means)

Giant Salamanders (Family Sirenidae)

Greater Siren (Siren lacertina)
 
Lesser Siren (Siren intermedia)

Mole Salamanders (Family Ambystomatidae)

Mole Salamander (Ambystoma talpoideum)
Marbled Salamander (Ambystoma opacum)
Mabee's Salamander (Ambystoma mabeei)
Spotted Salamander (Ambystoma maculatum)
Tiger Salamander (Ambystoma tigrinum)

Newts (Family Salamandridae)

Red-Spotted Newt (Notophthalmus viridescens viridescens)

Lungless Salamanders (Family Plethodontidae)

Southern Two-Lined Salamander (Eurycea cirrigera)
Blue Ridge Two-Lined Salamander (Eurycea wilderae)
Longtail Salamander (Eurycea longicauda)
Three-Lined Salamander (Eurycea guttolineata)
Dwarf Salamander (Eurycea quadridigitata)
Junaluska Salamander (Eurycea junaluska)

Lungless Salamanders (Family Plethodontidae) (Cont'd)

Northern, Spotted, and Santeetlah Dusky Salamanders(Desmognathus fuscus)
 
Southern Dusky Salamander (Desmognathus auriculatus)
 
Seal Salamander (Desmognathus monticola)
Blackbelly Salamander (Desmognathus quadramaculatus)
Mountain Dusky Salamander (Desmognathus ochrophaeus)
Imitator Salamander (Desmognathus imitator)
Pigmy Salamander (Desmognathus wrighti)
Seepage Salamander (Desmognathus aeneus)
Shovelnose Salamander (Leurognathus marmoratus)
 
Redback Salamander (Plethodon cinereus)
 
Southern Redback Salamander (Plethodon serratus)
Ravine Salamander (Plethodon richmondi)
Weller's Salamander (Plethodon welleri)
Eastern Zigzag Salamander (Plethodon dorsalis)
 
Wehrle's Salamander (Plethodon wehrlei)
Tellico Salamander(Plethodon aureolus)
 
Slimy Salamander (Plethodon glutinosus)
Southern Appalachian Salamander (Plethodon oconaluftee)
Yonahlossee Salamander (Plethodon yonahlossee)
Jordan's Salamander (Plethodon jordani)
 
Four-Toed Salamander (Hemidactylium scutatum)
Many-Lined Salamander (Stereochilus marginatus)
Green Salamander (Aneides aeneus)
 
Northern Spring Salamander (Gyrinophilus porphyritcus)
Eastern Mud Salamander (Pseudotriton monatnus)
Northern Red Salamander (Pseudotriton ruber)

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